JBinMech presented how the proton (or hadron) bit cycle forms a "proton network" for atomic nucleus formation. This mechanism may be a "foundational principle in nuclear physics" [1].
Binary Mechanics equations 1-6 define an absolute reference frame required to determine if an object is moving or stationary. With this absolute frame, the mechanism of all particle motion could be studied and defined leading to the Keene law of motion [2].
Next, "Binary mechanics equations" presented further detail featuring their definition of four types of "fields" [3].
A frequently-asked-question was addressed: how the so-called "fundamental constants" (c, e, h, electron rest mass, etc) were reverse engineered to discover the binary mechanics primary constants known as the Keene scale [4].
Transition from the quantum mechanics wave function to the binary mechanics bit function is inevitable [5].
Major research organizations, such as CERN, Fermilab and DARPA, apparently have not yet publically released their "post-game forensics" analyzing why their researchers lost the greatest race in physics in the last 100 years to the previously little-known Binary Mechanics Lab. Thus, the author presented a number of "physics follies" which may have landed them in the losers circle in the century-long physics grand championship race [6].
"Binary mechanics cosmology" is based on the premise that the most complete and comprehensive physical model is the essential starting point for a viable cosmology
[7].
References
[1] Keene, J. J. "Proton cycle network: foundational principle in nuclear physics" JBinMech March, 2025.
[2] Keene, J. J. "Law of motion based on mechanism of motion" JBinMech March, 2025.
[3] Keene, J. J. "Binary mechanics equations" JBinMech March, 2025.
[4] Keene, J. J. "How to derive the primary and secondary physical constants" JBinMech March, 2025.
[5] Keene, J. J. "Quantum technology advance" JBinMech September, 2025.
[6] Keene, J. J. "Physics follies: post-game forensics" JBinMech October, 2025.
[7] Keene, J. J. "Binary mechanics cosmology" JBinMech December, 2025.
© 2026 James J Keene
Showing posts with label JBinMech. Show all posts
Showing posts with label JBinMech. Show all posts
Tuesday, February 17, 2026
Wednesday, January 1, 2020
JBinMech 2020
Eight papers and research reports in 2020 further cemented the clear lead of JBinMech as the premier journal for milestone advances in particle and theoretical physics.
Light speed has been an unexplained observation wrongly characterized as a "fundamental physical constant" [1]. Hence, "Light speed derivation" [2] and previous reports deriving light speed for the first time from first principles, using three different measurement methods, may represent a remarkable, even stunning, development in this story that merits careful examination. "Binary mechanics postulates" [3] summarized these first principles based on quantization of space, time and energy, dubbed full quantization, in 17 simple equations without any reference to, or use of, unexplained measurements (c, h, e, me, etc), traditionally called fundamental constants, as input parameters.
"Fine structure constant derivation" [4] provided a credible, possible definition of the α value based only on binary mechanics postulates.
Binary mechanics postulates do not require that linear and angular momentum are separately conserved, as Newton's work is commonly presented. While macroscopic observations generally support the idea of separate conservation of linear and angular momentum, the inertial propulsion phenomenon in gyroscope behavior raised questions about this popular assumption. "Inertial propulsion mechanism" [5] documented how quanta (1-state bit loci) may routinely exchange linear and angular momentum components at the quanta microscopic level.
Boeing uses "inertial propulsion gyroscopes" to "levitate" low altitude satellites which would otherwise fall to earth prematurely, but can't explain it. "Motion law: gravitation edition" [6] used the motion law of binary mechanics to describe the fundamental mechanism for weight reduction produced by gyroscopes with horizontal rotors, citing experimental results.
"Proton structure 3D animation" [7] presented a 3D animation of proton structure and discussed key features determining observed proton behavior and why QCD (quantum chromodynamics) became obsolete due to use of legitimate, but inapplicable, math tools.
Finally, an editorial, "Physicists had a chance and they blew it" [8], described how the physics community missed a major opportunity. Instead, BML crossed the finish line and won the greatest race in physics in over 100 years. However, the good news is the abundance of additional opportunities -- more constants to derive from first principles, more detailed examination and replication of many pilot studies in JBinMech, more fundamental questions to address with further research, problems in all specialties in physics. Many new races to win.
References
[1] Keene, J. J. "Fundamental physical constants doctrine" JBinMech October, 2020.
[2] Keene, J. J. "Light speed derivation" JBinMech February, 2020.
[3] Keene, J. J. "Binary mechanics postulates" JBinMech November, 2020.
[4] Keene, J. J. "Fine structure constant derivation" JBinMech June, 2020.
[5] Keene, J. J. "Inertial propulsion mechanism" JBinMech May, 2020.
[6] Keene, J. J. "Motion law: gravitation edition" JBinMech June, 2020.
[7] Keene, J. J. "Proton structure 3D animation" JBinMech May, 2020.
[8] Keene, J. J. "Physicists had a chance and they blew it" JBinMech November, 2020.
© 2021 James J Keene
Light speed has been an unexplained observation wrongly characterized as a "fundamental physical constant" [1]. Hence, "Light speed derivation" [2] and previous reports deriving light speed for the first time from first principles, using three different measurement methods, may represent a remarkable, even stunning, development in this story that merits careful examination. "Binary mechanics postulates" [3] summarized these first principles based on quantization of space, time and energy, dubbed full quantization, in 17 simple equations without any reference to, or use of, unexplained measurements (c, h, e, me, etc), traditionally called fundamental constants, as input parameters.
"Fine structure constant derivation" [4] provided a credible, possible definition of the α value based only on binary mechanics postulates.
Binary mechanics postulates do not require that linear and angular momentum are separately conserved, as Newton's work is commonly presented. While macroscopic observations generally support the idea of separate conservation of linear and angular momentum, the inertial propulsion phenomenon in gyroscope behavior raised questions about this popular assumption. "Inertial propulsion mechanism" [5] documented how quanta (1-state bit loci) may routinely exchange linear and angular momentum components at the quanta microscopic level.
Boeing uses "inertial propulsion gyroscopes" to "levitate" low altitude satellites which would otherwise fall to earth prematurely, but can't explain it. "Motion law: gravitation edition" [6] used the motion law of binary mechanics to describe the fundamental mechanism for weight reduction produced by gyroscopes with horizontal rotors, citing experimental results.
"Proton structure 3D animation" [7] presented a 3D animation of proton structure and discussed key features determining observed proton behavior and why QCD (quantum chromodynamics) became obsolete due to use of legitimate, but inapplicable, math tools.
Finally, an editorial, "Physicists had a chance and they blew it" [8], described how the physics community missed a major opportunity. Instead, BML crossed the finish line and won the greatest race in physics in over 100 years. However, the good news is the abundance of additional opportunities -- more constants to derive from first principles, more detailed examination and replication of many pilot studies in JBinMech, more fundamental questions to address with further research, problems in all specialties in physics. Many new races to win.
References
[1] Keene, J. J. "Fundamental physical constants doctrine" JBinMech October, 2020.
[2] Keene, J. J. "Light speed derivation" JBinMech February, 2020.
[3] Keene, J. J. "Binary mechanics postulates" JBinMech November, 2020.
[4] Keene, J. J. "Fine structure constant derivation" JBinMech June, 2020.
[5] Keene, J. J. "Inertial propulsion mechanism" JBinMech May, 2020.
[6] Keene, J. J. "Motion law: gravitation edition" JBinMech June, 2020.
[7] Keene, J. J. "Proton structure 3D animation" JBinMech May, 2020.
[8] Keene, J. J. "Physicists had a chance and they blew it" JBinMech November, 2020.
© 2021 James J Keene
Sunday, January 6, 2019
JBinMech 2010-2018
The free on-line Journal of Binary Mechanics is now available in an archive book in both paperback and eBook formats. These publications feature larger print size on 8.5"x11" pages and an improved index.
Original scientific papers document how a little known research lab won the century-long physics grand championship race to derive basic constants from first principles of a coherent, comprehensive theory -- binary mechanics. Learn how Binary Mechanics Lab (BML) won the greatest race in physics in 100 years starting with space-time-energy quantization, upgrading from partial-to-full quantum mechanics. BML did it; big-money losers such as CERN, FermiLab, etc, did not. The exciting conclusion: seemingly "over night", BML became the leading physics lab world-wide for fundamental physics breakthroughs. First-ever derived constants include electron rest mass me, vacuum light speed c, Planck's constant h, intrinsic electron and proton spin, elementary charge e, fractional electric charge and intrinsic electron magnetic moment.
References
[1] Keene, J. J. "Binary mechanics FAQ" JBinMech August, 2018.
© 2019 James J Keene
Original scientific papers document how a little known research lab won the century-long physics grand championship race to derive basic constants from first principles of a coherent, comprehensive theory -- binary mechanics. Learn how Binary Mechanics Lab (BML) won the greatest race in physics in 100 years starting with space-time-energy quantization, upgrading from partial-to-full quantum mechanics. BML did it; big-money losers such as CERN, FermiLab, etc, did not. The exciting conclusion: seemingly "over night", BML became the leading physics lab world-wide for fundamental physics breakthroughs. First-ever derived constants include electron rest mass me, vacuum light speed c, Planck's constant h, intrinsic electron and proton spin, elementary charge e, fractional electric charge and intrinsic electron magnetic moment.
References
[1] Keene, J. J. "Binary mechanics FAQ" JBinMech August, 2018.
© 2019 James J Keene
Tuesday, January 1, 2019
JBinMech 2019
In 2019, the papers on the free, on-line JBinMech from 2010 to 2018 were published in an archive book "Journal of Binary Mechanics 2010-2018" [1]. As of this writing (May 24, 2021), this archive has been revised to include all the updates in the on-line version. Some authors may prefer to cite papers as chapters in the archive book rather than as internet links.
Binary Mechanics Lab (BML) also publishes videos on YouTube, Bitchute and Rumble.
Research reports recorded several significant advances:
1. In "Zero Kelvin particle composition" [2], Bit Function Analysis technology developed at BML was used to describe elementary particle composition at zero Kelvin where quanta (1-state bit loci) representing electromagnetic radiation or particle motion are absent.
2. With previous BML reports strongly suggesting that binary mechanics postulates achieve a unified treatment of both quantum and gravity-related effects, "Quantum gravity mechanisms" [3] presented further data analysis supporting a multi-factor approach to gravitational phenomenon.
3. "Electron energy homeostasis" [4] presented data analysis suggesting negative-feedback mechanisms appear to regulate electron particle energy content.
4. "Vacuum composition" [5] debunks the myth that perfect vacuum and almost all of the volume of a single atom are "empty space". Instead, the data suggest that "empty space" is literally teaming with energy quanta, even at zero Kelvin, at which about 88% or more of final state quanta was perfect vacuum energy content.
References
[1] Keene, J. J. "JBinMech 2010-2018" JBinMech January, 2019.
[2] Keene, J. J. "Zero Kelvin particle composition" JBinMech February, 2019.
[3] Keene, J. J. "Quantum gravity mechanisms" JBinMech March, 2019.
[4] Keene, J. J. "Electron energy homeostasis" JBinMech March, 2019.
[5] Keene, J. J. "Vacuum composition" JBinMech December, 2019.
© 2021 James J Keene
Binary Mechanics Lab (BML) also publishes videos on YouTube, Bitchute and Rumble.
Research reports recorded several significant advances:
1. In "Zero Kelvin particle composition" [2], Bit Function Analysis technology developed at BML was used to describe elementary particle composition at zero Kelvin where quanta (1-state bit loci) representing electromagnetic radiation or particle motion are absent.
2. With previous BML reports strongly suggesting that binary mechanics postulates achieve a unified treatment of both quantum and gravity-related effects, "Quantum gravity mechanisms" [3] presented further data analysis supporting a multi-factor approach to gravitational phenomenon.
3. "Electron energy homeostasis" [4] presented data analysis suggesting negative-feedback mechanisms appear to regulate electron particle energy content.
4. "Vacuum composition" [5] debunks the myth that perfect vacuum and almost all of the volume of a single atom are "empty space". Instead, the data suggest that "empty space" is literally teaming with energy quanta, even at zero Kelvin, at which about 88% or more of final state quanta was perfect vacuum energy content.
References
[1] Keene, J. J. "JBinMech 2010-2018" JBinMech January, 2019.
[2] Keene, J. J. "Zero Kelvin particle composition" JBinMech February, 2019.
[3] Keene, J. J. "Quantum gravity mechanisms" JBinMech March, 2019.
[4] Keene, J. J. "Electron energy homeostasis" JBinMech March, 2019.
[5] Keene, J. J. "Vacuum composition" JBinMech December, 2019.
© 2021 James J Keene
Monday, January 1, 2018
JBinMech 2018
JBinMech 2018 started with the headline: Hurricane Hits Physics [1]. In Sep, 2017, hurricane Maria literally destroyed the Binary Mechanics Lab (BML) building with a six month internet/phone blackout. Meanwhile, a figurative hurricane continued to hit the physics community with BML's first-ever derivation of Planck constant h from first principles in 2015.
More basic physics constants were derived from binary mechanics postulates: proton-electron mass ratio [4], elementary charge e [9] and Planck constant h and intrinsic proton spin, based on the proton bit cycle [12].
A Bit Function Analysis program (BFA) was a major addition to BML software where users could analyze any system state (bit function saved to *.s file) as incidence of 64 "particle states" for each of eight elementary particles [2]. Examples: Particle states evolution could be studied starting with an initial state with random seeding of 1-state bits at a selected bit density [3]. The exact bit function defining each elementary particle could be studied at zero Kelvin, where all 1-state bits representing motion and heat are absent [5].
Analysis of the binary mechanics model of physical space yielded new discoveries of lepton-quark and quark-antiquark energy (1-state bit) fluxes defining three particle motion mechanisms: 1) lepton motion, 2) lepton-mediated proton motion and 3) quark-antiquark proton motion [6]. Recall that physics addresses how things work, and in this case, how things move.
Experiments demonstrated predicted particle motion in magnetic and electric fields [7] [8]. Magnetic pulse injection results suggested 1-state L bits may define "magnetic monopoles", at least under selected conditions.
A binary mechanics FAQ was published [10] highlighting the BML win of the century-old physics grand championship race to derive constants from first principles of a coherent, comprehensive physical theory. Finally, memes for physicists started to appear on BML bulletin boards [11] [13].
More basic physics constants were derived from binary mechanics postulates: proton-electron mass ratio [4], elementary charge e [9] and Planck constant h and intrinsic proton spin, based on the proton bit cycle [12].
A Bit Function Analysis program (BFA) was a major addition to BML software where users could analyze any system state (bit function saved to *.s file) as incidence of 64 "particle states" for each of eight elementary particles [2]. Examples: Particle states evolution could be studied starting with an initial state with random seeding of 1-state bits at a selected bit density [3]. The exact bit function defining each elementary particle could be studied at zero Kelvin, where all 1-state bits representing motion and heat are absent [5].
Analysis of the binary mechanics model of physical space yielded new discoveries of lepton-quark and quark-antiquark energy (1-state bit) fluxes defining three particle motion mechanisms: 1) lepton motion, 2) lepton-mediated proton motion and 3) quark-antiquark proton motion [6]. Recall that physics addresses how things work, and in this case, how things move.
Experiments demonstrated predicted particle motion in magnetic and electric fields [7] [8]. Magnetic pulse injection results suggested 1-state L bits may define "magnetic monopoles", at least under selected conditions.
A binary mechanics FAQ was published [10] highlighting the BML win of the century-old physics grand championship race to derive constants from first principles of a coherent, comprehensive physical theory. Finally, memes for physicists started to appear on BML bulletin boards [11] [13].
Friday, January 1, 2016
JBinMech 2016
While many in the physics community continued attempts to move "beyond" the Standard Model (SM), JBinMech articles in 2016 continued to undermine and replace it almost completely with its upgrade: binary mechanics (BM).
1) The bit function, BM upgrade to SM wave function usage, was shown to represent position and momentum. First, cooling a system to zero Kelvin resulted in zero particle motion [1]. Second, different randomly selected initial states produced different particle motion over time [3]. Third, use of the bit function to simulate a magnetic field produced predictable particle displacements [14].
2) General Relativity was further ransacked by
(a) demonstration that about half of the GRACE satellite pair "gravity" measurement variance was nothing more than ocean surface temperature [9], supporting BM predictions previously confirmed with lunar laser ranging (LLR) in 2011 and no doubt embarrassing the General Relativity believers among GRACE project designers and
(b) LIGO "gravitational wave" results were shown to be entirely consistent with BM predictions based on energy (1-state bit) density fluctuations [13]. Disclosure: Although almost everything NASA does confirms BM predictions, Binary Mechanics Lab (BML) has no formal relationship with NASA. Lesson: Theories of principal investigators can be a distraction; focus on their data.
3) BML Simulator (BMLS) software was improved by adding a batch mode allowing automation of multiple experiments in one user-initiated run [11] and a more user-friendly interface [12]. The "bit operations engine" in the BMLS is apparently the state-of-the-art in calculation of time-development of the state of any physical system.
4) BMLS software was used to demonstrate several phenomena: light speed measurement at zero Kelvin where random electromagnetic radiation (heat) was absent and hence, could not interfere with the measured signal transmission [2], standing waves in an electron gas in perfect vacuum [10] and matter creation [16] [17].
5) Further consequences of BM first principles were explored. Faster than light motion was analyzed due to previous observations that a small number of energy quanta typically arrived at the target sensor slightly before the main wavefront of the signal [4]. Demonstration that apparently all "weak force" particle interactions are completely accounted for by the unconditional bit operation [7]. The composition of SM particles including mesons and baryons enumerated in 1994 was discussed [6] [8].
6) BML joined other labs in producing self-promotional literature. A pop quiz challenged the reader to "spot the physics theory" [5]. Without space-time-energy quantization, SM math modelling every point using continuous space-time (e.g., real number position coordinates) requires belief in miracles, namely that an infinite number of infinitely small things exist in any arbitrary volume, where "things" are multiple field encoders and operater action devices [15]. And in defunct General Relativity, the "things" are inertial motion guidance devices. Of course, BML suggests that physicists leave the miracles to theologians.
1) The bit function, BM upgrade to SM wave function usage, was shown to represent position and momentum. First, cooling a system to zero Kelvin resulted in zero particle motion [1]. Second, different randomly selected initial states produced different particle motion over time [3]. Third, use of the bit function to simulate a magnetic field produced predictable particle displacements [14].
2) General Relativity was further ransacked by
(a) demonstration that about half of the GRACE satellite pair "gravity" measurement variance was nothing more than ocean surface temperature [9], supporting BM predictions previously confirmed with lunar laser ranging (LLR) in 2011 and no doubt embarrassing the General Relativity believers among GRACE project designers and
(b) LIGO "gravitational wave" results were shown to be entirely consistent with BM predictions based on energy (1-state bit) density fluctuations [13]. Disclosure: Although almost everything NASA does confirms BM predictions, Binary Mechanics Lab (BML) has no formal relationship with NASA. Lesson: Theories of principal investigators can be a distraction; focus on their data.
3) BML Simulator (BMLS) software was improved by adding a batch mode allowing automation of multiple experiments in one user-initiated run [11] and a more user-friendly interface [12]. The "bit operations engine" in the BMLS is apparently the state-of-the-art in calculation of time-development of the state of any physical system.
4) BMLS software was used to demonstrate several phenomena: light speed measurement at zero Kelvin where random electromagnetic radiation (heat) was absent and hence, could not interfere with the measured signal transmission [2], standing waves in an electron gas in perfect vacuum [10] and matter creation [16] [17].
5) Further consequences of BM first principles were explored. Faster than light motion was analyzed due to previous observations that a small number of energy quanta typically arrived at the target sensor slightly before the main wavefront of the signal [4]. Demonstration that apparently all "weak force" particle interactions are completely accounted for by the unconditional bit operation [7]. The composition of SM particles including mesons and baryons enumerated in 1994 was discussed [6] [8].
6) BML joined other labs in producing self-promotional literature. A pop quiz challenged the reader to "spot the physics theory" [5]. Without space-time-energy quantization, SM math modelling every point using continuous space-time (e.g., real number position coordinates) requires belief in miracles, namely that an infinite number of infinitely small things exist in any arbitrary volume, where "things" are multiple field encoders and operater action devices [15]. And in defunct General Relativity, the "things" are inertial motion guidance devices. Of course, BML suggests that physicists leave the miracles to theologians.
Thursday, January 1, 2015
JBinMech 2015
Several themes applying binary mechanics (BM) postulates were pursued in 2015:
1) Derivation of basic physics constants from BM first principles included zero electron electron dipole moment (EDM) [2], Planck's constant h and hence intrinsic electron spin [3], intrinsic electron magnetic moment [4] and vacuum light velocity c [8].
The four time-development bit operations are key BM first principles and the Binary Mechanics Lab Simulator (BMLS) applies them to a selected initial system state (bit function) [16]. Light velocity c was demonstrated to approximate V/π, where bit velocity V = L/T and L and T are BM primary length and time constants respectively. Thus, constant light speed c was promoted from Einstein postulate to derived value.
2) Predictions of BM first principles were confirmed by other labs including zero electron electron dipole moment (EDM) [2] and non-spherical proton shape [5]. Also, predicted opacity of absolute vacuum was confirmed in simulations [8].
3) More "unsolved physics mysteries" moved to the "solved" category including a full account of particle up and down spin as a function of quantized time phase factors [1] and anomalous electron magnetic moment as effects of intrinsic electron 1-state bits affecting measuresments or in other words, basically a measurement artifact [4].
4) Pillars of out-dated, incomplete, partial quantum mechanics continued to crumble with debunking of "up-down" spin [1], demonstration of a non-zero proton electric dipole moment (EDM) [6], description of the Higgs field, requiring obsolete continuous space-time theory, as a primitive version of elementary particle spot architecture in BM [7] [9], spurious Standard Model math used to justify use of classical continuous space-time theory instead of energy-space-time quantization in BM [14] and debunking the Bell inequality violation myth [17].
5) Preceding step 4 ("we win"), Mahatma Gandhi's step 2 ("they laugh", ridicule) and step 3 ("they attack") became evident [15].
1) Derivation of basic physics constants from BM first principles included zero electron electron dipole moment (EDM) [2], Planck's constant h and hence intrinsic electron spin [3], intrinsic electron magnetic moment [4] and vacuum light velocity c [8].
The four time-development bit operations are key BM first principles and the Binary Mechanics Lab Simulator (BMLS) applies them to a selected initial system state (bit function) [16]. Light velocity c was demonstrated to approximate V/π, where bit velocity V = L/T and L and T are BM primary length and time constants respectively. Thus, constant light speed c was promoted from Einstein postulate to derived value.
2) Predictions of BM first principles were confirmed by other labs including zero electron electron dipole moment (EDM) [2] and non-spherical proton shape [5]. Also, predicted opacity of absolute vacuum was confirmed in simulations [8].
3) More "unsolved physics mysteries" moved to the "solved" category including a full account of particle up and down spin as a function of quantized time phase factors [1] and anomalous electron magnetic moment as effects of intrinsic electron 1-state bits affecting measuresments or in other words, basically a measurement artifact [4].
4) Pillars of out-dated, incomplete, partial quantum mechanics continued to crumble with debunking of "up-down" spin [1], demonstration of a non-zero proton electric dipole moment (EDM) [6], description of the Higgs field, requiring obsolete continuous space-time theory, as a primitive version of elementary particle spot architecture in BM [7] [9], spurious Standard Model math used to justify use of classical continuous space-time theory instead of energy-space-time quantization in BM [14] and debunking the Bell inequality violation myth [17].
5) Preceding step 4 ("we win"), Mahatma Gandhi's step 2 ("they laugh", ridicule) and step 3 ("they attack") became evident [15].
Wednesday, January 1, 2014
JBinMech 2014
"Physics News: Gravity Game-Changer"
From 2011 to 2014, the author was waiting for a number of peer-reviewed physics journals, such as PhysRevD, to review and hopefully publish his 2011 lunar laser ranging study on the effect of surface temperature on earth-moon gravitation, which appeared to obviously exclude General Relativity. This paper was submitted to an ample number of journal editors. All except one refused to even formally review the paper; one returned comments from reviewers who appeared to be incompetent in the subject matter. Thus, the author wrote his own review in the "gravity game-changer" paper.
At some point, the author might disclose the names of this list of peer-reviewed journals, all losers in the finish declared in 2018 of the century-long physics grand championship race to derive fundamental constants from first principles.
"Matter-Antimatter Asymmetry Mechanism"
Binary mechanics (BM) postulates were used to document a major puzzle piece, if not a complete solution, to the so-called matter-antimatter asymmetry mystery, no doubt while some losing labs in the greatest race in physics in 100 years continue to the present to justify research funding in search of a solution.
"Fundamental Forces In Physics"
Mathematical definitions of fundamental forces based on BM were presented, replacing the out-dated, 20th century custom of defining forces based on observed particle interactions -- a more primitive approach lacking scientific discipline.
"Spot Unit Components Of Elementary Particles"
A spot unit consists of two adjacent size L spatial cubes, where L is the BM primary length constant. One spot unit cube is a M bit locus; the other, a L bit locus, where M and L bits are restricted to 0 or 1 values to quantize energy. 1-state M or L bits represent energy quanta, an essential tool for quantitative analysis of energy. M and L bit state was defined as the quantized absolute value of the x and y components in complex amplitudes used in quantum mechanics -- sign(x)abs(x) + isgn(y)abs(y) -- in the framing of BM postulates from a pair of Dirac spinor equations of opposite handedness.
A spot is a spatial assembly of three spot units, one in each X, Y and Z direction in quantized space. There were only eight different spot types, which corresponded to eight and only eight elementary particles. The longer list in the Standard Model are all one of these eight or compositions of them.
This paper defined hypothetical sub-components of spot units thought to be required for the time-development bit operations to function. Continuing application of the four bit operations to the system state (bit function) of the universe is what keeps our world humming along as it does. This information was used to analyze the minimum number of spot unit types required to assemble the eight different elementary particles.
The result was that only four spot unit types were required implying that all particles are composed of just four types of spatial elements called spot units. Even better, two pairs of the four types were almost identical except for just one sub-component position. Hence, one might say that only two types of spot units account for all observed matter and antimatter, each type with two "variations". These are the smallest spatial objects known in physics.
The number 2 appears again -- the number of allowed M or L bit states: 0 or 1. Yes, it's a binary universe, folks.
From 2011 to 2014, the author was waiting for a number of peer-reviewed physics journals, such as PhysRevD, to review and hopefully publish his 2011 lunar laser ranging study on the effect of surface temperature on earth-moon gravitation, which appeared to obviously exclude General Relativity. This paper was submitted to an ample number of journal editors. All except one refused to even formally review the paper; one returned comments from reviewers who appeared to be incompetent in the subject matter. Thus, the author wrote his own review in the "gravity game-changer" paper.
At some point, the author might disclose the names of this list of peer-reviewed journals, all losers in the finish declared in 2018 of the century-long physics grand championship race to derive fundamental constants from first principles.
"Matter-Antimatter Asymmetry Mechanism"
Binary mechanics (BM) postulates were used to document a major puzzle piece, if not a complete solution, to the so-called matter-antimatter asymmetry mystery, no doubt while some losing labs in the greatest race in physics in 100 years continue to the present to justify research funding in search of a solution.
"Fundamental Forces In Physics"
Mathematical definitions of fundamental forces based on BM were presented, replacing the out-dated, 20th century custom of defining forces based on observed particle interactions -- a more primitive approach lacking scientific discipline.
"Spot Unit Components Of Elementary Particles"
A spot unit consists of two adjacent size L spatial cubes, where L is the BM primary length constant. One spot unit cube is a M bit locus; the other, a L bit locus, where M and L bits are restricted to 0 or 1 values to quantize energy. 1-state M or L bits represent energy quanta, an essential tool for quantitative analysis of energy. M and L bit state was defined as the quantized absolute value of the x and y components in complex amplitudes used in quantum mechanics -- sign(x)abs(x) + isgn(y)abs(y) -- in the framing of BM postulates from a pair of Dirac spinor equations of opposite handedness.
A spot is a spatial assembly of three spot units, one in each X, Y and Z direction in quantized space. There were only eight different spot types, which corresponded to eight and only eight elementary particles. The longer list in the Standard Model are all one of these eight or compositions of them.
This paper defined hypothetical sub-components of spot units thought to be required for the time-development bit operations to function. Continuing application of the four bit operations to the system state (bit function) of the universe is what keeps our world humming along as it does. This information was used to analyze the minimum number of spot unit types required to assemble the eight different elementary particles.
The result was that only four spot unit types were required implying that all particles are composed of just four types of spatial elements called spot units. Even better, two pairs of the four types were almost identical except for just one sub-component position. Hence, one might say that only two types of spot units account for all observed matter and antimatter, each type with two "variations". These are the smallest spatial objects known in physics.
The number 2 appears again -- the number of allowed M or L bit states: 0 or 1. Yes, it's a binary universe, folks.
Saturday, January 1, 2011
JBinMech 2011
Several themes occur in some 26 papers in 2011, where consequences of binary mechanics (BM) postulates were examined.
1) Many physics sub-specialties were covered. The average physicist may be expert in terms of literature knowledge and research methods in only one, or at best a few, sub-specialties. BM is a comprehensive theory including both quantum and gravitation phenomena covering all sub-specialties, but nobody, including the author, is expert in them all.
2) Hence, many of the reports are pilot studies, initial probes in specialized areas such as absolute maximum temperature [5] [7], superconductivity [8], vacuum thresholds [12], gravity as derivative force [13] [23], thermodynamics [15], baryogenesis [18], dark matter [19] and black body and hydrogen spectrums [22]. Teams of specialists are appropriate to study these topics further.
3) A third theme was more detailed description of BM postulates and initial new findings: Lorentz force [1] (from 2010), BM spatial objects [2], the remarkable central baryon bit cycle [3], investigators embedded in BM space [4], an electromagnetic (EM) bit operation revision [6], the strong bit operation [9], quantized velocity [14], a physics glossary [17], EM plane waves derived from BM postulates [20], solved physics mysteries [21], a "law" of motion [24] and electron shape [25].
4) The Binary Mechanics Lab Simulator (BMLS) was continuously developed producing data in the research reports. BMLS can implement selected permutations of bit operations order for time evolution of the system state. In the research reports, several different orders were used over time. However, one and only one bit operations order can be physically correct, since each permutation produces slightly different results [16].
At present, SUVF is thought to be the correct bit operations order, where S is Scalar, U is unconditional, V is vector and F is strong. Where applicable, the data collection in papers using BMLS should be repeated with the SUVF order. The plan is to update selected research reports by adding new SUVF data in brackets, preserving the original reports for the record. Change in major results is not expected, although such updated results would be more appropriate for further quantitative analysis.
1) Many physics sub-specialties were covered. The average physicist may be expert in terms of literature knowledge and research methods in only one, or at best a few, sub-specialties. BM is a comprehensive theory including both quantum and gravitation phenomena covering all sub-specialties, but nobody, including the author, is expert in them all.
2) Hence, many of the reports are pilot studies, initial probes in specialized areas such as absolute maximum temperature [5] [7], superconductivity [8], vacuum thresholds [12], gravity as derivative force [13] [23], thermodynamics [15], baryogenesis [18], dark matter [19] and black body and hydrogen spectrums [22]. Teams of specialists are appropriate to study these topics further.
3) A third theme was more detailed description of BM postulates and initial new findings: Lorentz force [1] (from 2010), BM spatial objects [2], the remarkable central baryon bit cycle [3], investigators embedded in BM space [4], an electromagnetic (EM) bit operation revision [6], the strong bit operation [9], quantized velocity [14], a physics glossary [17], EM plane waves derived from BM postulates [20], solved physics mysteries [21], a "law" of motion [24] and electron shape [25].
4) The Binary Mechanics Lab Simulator (BMLS) was continuously developed producing data in the research reports. BMLS can implement selected permutations of bit operations order for time evolution of the system state. In the research reports, several different orders were used over time. However, one and only one bit operations order can be physically correct, since each permutation produces slightly different results [16].
At present, SUVF is thought to be the correct bit operations order, where S is Scalar, U is unconditional, V is vector and F is strong. Where applicable, the data collection in papers using BMLS should be repeated with the SUVF order. The plan is to update selected research reports by adding new SUVF data in brackets, preserving the original reports for the record. Change in major results is not expected, although such updated results would be more appropriate for further quantitative analysis.
Thursday, July 1, 2010
JBinMech 2010
The original paper presenting binary mechanics (BM) [1] had two parts:
1) Partial-to-full quantum mechanics (QM) upgrade using space, time and energy quantization to define system state bit function replacement of the wave function and its time development bit operations required since QM infinitesimal operator math was inapplicable:
The Spot Unit
Unconditional Bit Motion
Electromagnetic Force
Scalar Potential
Vecter Potential
Gravitational Force
Energy Conservation
Three Dimensional Spatial Format
Strong Force
Bit State Time Development
2) More results of selected applications were then presented, to further elaborate and justify the basics of binary mechanics:
Scattering
Electrons, Positrons and d Quarks and Antiquarks
1. Spot Electric Charge
2. Spot Handedness
3. Spot Color Charge
SU(3) Symmetry Matrices
Number of d Quark Spots
Photons and Gluons
Lite Scattering Interactions
Neutrinos
Weak Force
Grand Unification
Pauli Spin Matrices
Four-Momentum Operator
Electromagnetic Four-Potential
Intrinsic Limitations of the Wave Function
The fundamental justification would be, of course, that the equations provide exact results for all physical phenomena.
This site started as a simple blog to present binary mechanics and related posts. As explained previously [2], the site developed into a free, on-line physics journal, which in time matured into the leading journal world-wide for fundamental advances in physics, when it became clear that Binary Mechanics Lab (BML) had won the greatest race in physics -- the century-long grand championship to derive constants from first principles of BM.
An advantage of on-line publications is one can edit including links to future publications. Such links were added to the original paper aimed at helping the reader explore related presentations of selected topics.
The original paper was written and notarized in 1994 and first published on this site in 2010.
1) Partial-to-full quantum mechanics (QM) upgrade using space, time and energy quantization to define system state bit function replacement of the wave function and its time development bit operations required since QM infinitesimal operator math was inapplicable:
Unconditional Bit Motion
Electromagnetic Force
Vecter Potential
Energy Conservation
Three Dimensional Spatial Format
Strong Force
Bit State Time Development
Electrons, Positrons and d Quarks and Antiquarks
2. Spot Handedness
3. Spot Color Charge
Number of d Quark Spots
Photons and Gluons
Lite Scattering Interactions
Neutrinos
Weak Force
Grand Unification
Pauli Spin Matrices
Four-Momentum Operator
Electromagnetic Four-Potential
Intrinsic Limitations of the Wave Function
This site started as a simple blog to present binary mechanics and related posts. As explained previously [2], the site developed into a free, on-line physics journal, which in time matured into the leading journal world-wide for fundamental advances in physics, when it became clear that Binary Mechanics Lab (BML) had won the greatest race in physics -- the century-long grand championship to derive constants from first principles of BM.
An advantage of on-line publications is one can edit including links to future publications. Such links were added to the original paper aimed at helping the reader explore related presentations of selected topics.
The original paper was written and notarized in 1994 and first published on this site in 2010.
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