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Friday, March 25, 2011

Superconductivity in Binary Mechanics

A possible binary mechanical (BM) [1] basis for superconductivity at low temperatures is presented.

Methods
The present data was obtained from the output .csv file of the BM simulator, using procedures described previously for a 48x48x48 spot cube simulation [2] [3]. Per a kinetic motion concept, temperature was operationally defined as the sum of bit motion per Tick due to either scalar (S) or vector (V) potentials. The proportion of bits in electron spots was the ratio of the bits in electron spots (e-L column in output file) to the total bits (Total column).

Results
Fig. 1: Proportion of bits in electron spots vs temperature
Fig. 1 plots the proportion of bits in electron spots vs temperature (S + V) over a range from absolute zero to maximum temperature on the lower density side of the inverted U temperature-density curve.

As temperature decreases, more bits occupy electron spots. Then at about 200 on the horizontal temperature scale, the percent of bits in electron spots rises almost vertically. As temperature decreases further toward absolute zero, bits in electron spots peak at about 36 percent of all bits in the simulated space.

Discussion
BM space is thought to be organized in spot cubes consisting of eight spots, two lepton spots (electron and positron) and six quark spots [4]. If bits are randomly distributed at any arbitrary density, electron spots would be expected to contain one in eight, or 12.5 percent. This expectation is close to the 13.9 percent seen at maximum temperature in Fig. 1.

Remarkably, as temperature decreases, electron spots appeared to capture and hold bits at an accelerating rate. When electron spots contained about one third of all bits in the spatial distribution (33 percent), this accumulation rate rose dramatically until an apparent maximum concentration of bits in electron spots was observed at 36 percent.

This observed accumulation of bits in electron spots as an inverse function of temperature is consistent with BM fundamentals. First, among the eight spot types, the electron spot is unique in that it tends to capture and hold bits by virtue of its 12 tick (3 simulator Ticks) bit cycle (one seventh the 84 tick baryon bit cycle [5]).

As temperature decreases, by definition, electromagnetic (EM) potentials related to heat content, decrease. The EM bit operations can result in loss of bits by electron spots. For example, a stable state consists of three mites in an electron spot. However, a scalar or vector potential can cause a "phase change" when a mite moves to a lite position. This lite cannot cycle within the spot, since its destination loci is already occupied by a mite. That is, the strong potential is zero and no inter-dimensional motion required by the cycle occurs. As a result, in the next unconditional bit operation, this lite exits the electron spot.

In short, at decreased temperature, EM events causing bits to leave electron spots decrease.

Why superconductivity? As a non-expert in this field of physics, the author might still mention the idea that at low temperatures, more electrons may be available to conduct current. The present data appears to be consistent with this formulation.

In addition, the scalar potential in BM is very efficient in spatially dispersing like-charged mites. Thus, excess charge applied to one side of a material at low temperature would be expected to conduct very efficiently to the other side. Indeed, modelling such behavior with BM simulations should be quite feasible.

References
[1] Keene, J. J. "Binary mechanics" J. Bin. Mech. July, 2010.
[2] Keene, J. J. "Absolute Maximum Temperature" J. Bin. Mech. March, 2011.
[3] Keene, J. J. "Maximum temperature at half maximum bit density" J. Bin. Mech. March, 2011.
[4] Keene, J. J. "Physical interpretation of binary mechanical space" J. Bin. Mech. February, 2011.
[5] Keene, J. J. "The central baryon bit cycle" J. Bin. Mech. March, 2011.
© 2011 James J Keene